IETA’s Business Brief series provides clear, practical insights into the evolving world of carbon markets, carbon pricing, and climate policy. Each brief offers a country-by-country overview of how governments are designing and implementing emissions trading systems (ETS), carbon taxes, and offset mechanisms, as well as their approaches to international cooperation under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. Designed for businesses, investors, and policymakers, the series helps stakeholders navigate compliance obligations, identify market opportunities for carbon credits, and understand pathways for investment in the global transition to net zero.
This Business Brief was last updated in September 2025.
